Vim - Revision history

Saruman!: small addition

2009-05-26T18:41:49Z

small addition

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:41, 26 May 2009
Line 34:		Line 34:
	Another thing to remember: if you're in command mode and you start entering a number ''before'' a command, the command will get repeated that many times. The most used feature of this is deleting lines. Deleting the current line is done with the command ''dd''; deleting (for example) twelve lines can be accomplished using ''12dd''. Another example is the use of a number in front of G: command ''12G'' (use <shift>-g) will bring you to the beginning of the 12th line. A special number is zero; pressing 0 as the first character in a command means immediately going to the beginning of the line.		Another thing to remember: if you're in command mode and you start entering a number ''before'' a command, the command will get repeated that many times. The most used feature of this is deleting lines. Deleting the current line is done with the command ''dd''; deleting (for example) twelve lines can be accomplished using ''12dd''. Another example is the use of a number in front of G: command ''12G'' (use <shift>-g) will bring you to the beginning of the 12th line. A special number is zero; pressing 0 as the first character in a command means immediately going to the beginning of the line.

	===~~Exiting vim~~===		===Opening and saving files===

	{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"		{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
	!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Command		!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Command
	!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Output		!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Output
			\|-
			\|:o ''filename''
			\|open file
			\|-
			\|:o ''directory''
			\|open file within ''directory'' interactively
	\|-		\|-
	\|:w		\|:w
Line 45:		Line 50:
	\|:w ''filename''		\|:w ''filename''
	\|Save with this filename		\|Save with this filename
			\|}
			===Exiting vim===
			{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
			!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Command
			!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Output
	\|-		\|-
	\|:q		\|:q
Line 88:		Line 98:
	\|beginning of next line		\|beginning of next line
	\|-		\|-
	\|0 (zero)		\|^, 0 (zero)
	\|beginning of line		\|beginning of line
	\|-		\|-
	\|$		\|$
	\|end of line		\|end of line
			\|-
			\|G, 0G
			\|to the beginning of the last line of the file
	\|-		\|-
	\|''n''G		\|''n''G
	\|to beginning of line ''n''~~; if no number given, the last line of the file~~		\|to the beginning of line ''n''
	\|-		\|-
	\|:''n''		\|:''n''
	\|also to beginning of line ''n'' (but this is visible as command)		\|also to beginning of line ''n'' (but this is visible as command)
			\|-
			\|gg, 0G
			\|to the first line
	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}
Line 133:		Line 149:
	This means: search the whole file for case-insensitive occurrances of {pattern}, and replace each occurrance (even multiple on a single line) with {string} ''after'' confirmation of each replacement.		This means: search the whole file for case-insensitive occurrances of {pattern}, and replace each occurrance (even multiple on a single line) with {string} ''after'' confirmation of each replacement.

	===~~Text insertion~~===		===Switching to and from insert mode===
	{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"		{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
	!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Key(s)		!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Key(s)
Line 167:		Line 183:
	\|}		\|}

	===Text deletion===		===Text cutting (deletion)===
	{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"		{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
	!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Key(s)		!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Key(s)
Line 173:		Line 189:
	\|-		\|-
	\|x		\|x
	\|~~deletes~~ character under the cursor		\|cut character under the cursor
			\|-
			\|dw
			\|cut word under the cursor
	\|-		\|-
	\|dd		\|dd
	\|~~deletes~~ current line		\|cut current line
	\|-		\|-
	\|dw		\|''n''dd
	\|~~deletes word under~~ the ~~cursor~~		\|cut ''n'' lines starting with the current one
	\|-		\|-
	\|d)		\|d), d$
	\|~~deletes~~ to the end of the current sentence (up to and including the dot)		\|cut to the end of the current sentence (up to and including the dot)
	\|-		\|-
	\|D		\|D
Line 189:		Line 208:
	\|d$		\|d$
	\|same (deletes to the end of the current line)		\|same (deletes to the end of the current line)
			\|-
			\|}

			===Text pasting (insertion)===
			{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
			!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Key(s)
			!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Effect
	\|-		\|-
	\|p		\|p

Saruman!: /* Exiting vim */ table cleanup :-)

2008-09-08T07:40:51Z

Exiting vim: table cleanup :-)

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:40, 8 September 2008
Line 54:		Line 54:
	\|:wq		\|:wq
	\|save and quit		\|save and quit
			\|-
	\|ZZ		\|ZZ
	\|''also'' save and quit (no colon, just two caps)		\|''also'' save and quit (no colon, just two caps)

Saruman!: /* Exiting vim */ added ZZ

2008-09-08T07:40:27Z

Exiting vim: added ZZ

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:40, 8 September 2008
Line 54:		Line 54:
	\|:wq		\|:wq
	\|save and quit		\|save and quit
			\|ZZ
			\|''also'' save and quit (no colon, just two caps)
	\|}		\|}


	===Cursor positioning===		===Cursor positioning===

Saruman!: /* Search and replace */ properly

2008-09-05T14:14:38Z

Search and replace: properly

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:14, 5 September 2008
Line 118:		Line 118:
	<br>		<br>
	===Search and replace===		===Search and replace===
	If you think searching is fun, then search-and-replace is even more fun! Check out the "substitute" command:		If you think searching is fun, then search-and-replace is even more fun! Check out the "substitute" command!
	{\| ~~class="wikitable" style="text~~-~~align:center" border~~="1~~" cellspacing~~=~~"0" cellpadding~~="5"		:[range]s[ubstitute]/{pattern}/{string}/[&][c][e][g][p][r][i][I] [count]
	~~!style~~=~~"background:#ffdead;"\|Key~~(s)		For each line in [range] replace a match of {pattern} with {string}. For the {pattern} see \|pattern\|. {string} can be a literal string, or something special; see \|sub-replace-special\|. When [range] and [count] are omitted, replace in the current line only. When [count] is given, replace in [count] lines, starting with the last line in [range]. When [range] is omitted start in the current line. [range] can be something like<br>
	~~!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Search~~		% = whole file<br>
	\|-		1,$ = also whole file<br>
	~~\|%s/~~''~~pattern~~''/''~~replacement~~''		3,7 = lines 3 through 7<br>
	~~\|Moves the cursor to the next occurrence of~~ ''~~pattern''; will wrap around to the beginning of the file from the last occurence~~		.,+5 = current line (denoted with the period) through the next five lines<br>
	\|-		'a,'b = between marks ''a'' and ''b''.<br>
	\|?''pattern''
	~~\|Moves~~ the ~~cursor backward to the previous occurrence~~ of ''~~pattern~~''~~; will wrap around to the end~~ of ~~the file from the first occurence~~		Well that sounds wonderful, but how do you use this in practice? Usually something like this:
	\|-		:%s/{pattern}/{string}/gic
	\|n		This means: search the whole file for case-insensitive occurrances of {pattern}, and replace each occurrance (even multiple on a single line) with {string} ''after'' confirmation of each replacement.
	~~\|repeats last pattern search (either forward or backward)~~
	\|-
	\|}

	===Text insertion===		===Text insertion===

Saruman!: /* Searching */ added substitute

2008-09-05T14:00:28Z

Searching: added substitute

@@ Line 107: / Line 107: @@
 |-
 |/''pattern''
 |Moves the cursor to the next occurrence of ''pattern''; will wrap around to the beginning of the file from the last occurence
 |-

Saruman!: /* Text insertion */ del/backspace

2008-09-04T05:26:40Z

Text insertion: del/backspace

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:26, 4 September 2008
Line 139:		Line 139:
	\|O		\|O
	\|opens new line '''above''' the current line for text insertion & switches to Insert mode		\|opens new line '''above''' the current line for text insertion & switches to Insert mode
			\|-
			\|<backspace>
			\|removes last character during text insertion
	\|-		\|-
	\|<del>		\|<del>
	\|~~overwrites last~~ character during text insertion		\|removes next character during text insertion
	\|-		\|-
	\|<esc>		\|<esc>

Saruman!: /* Introduction */ expounded modal editor section

2008-09-02T05:22:29Z

Introduction: expounded modal editor section

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:22, 2 September 2008
Line 1:		Line 1:
	==Introduction==		==Introduction==
	The screen-oriented text editor ''vim'' stems from ''vi'', written in '76 for an early BSD Unix release by [http://www.engin.umich.edu/alumni/engineer/04SS/achievements/advances.html#joy Bill Joy]. ''vi'' is old, nonintuitive, and complex. ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vim_%28text_editor%29 vim]'' stems from 1991, and stands for '''''V'''i '''IM'''proved'', but its improvements do not lessen it's nonintuitivity or complexity.		The screen-oriented text editor ''vim'' stems from ''vi'', written in '76 for an early BSD Unix release by [http://www.engin.umich.edu/alumni/engineer/04SS/achievements/advances.html#joy Bill Joy]. ''vi'' is old, nonintuitive, and complex. However, it was the successor of the [http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-line-editor.htm line editor] [http://www.apl.jhu.edu/Misc/Unix-info/unixintro/chap9.html ex]; the very name ''vi'' stands for "'''vi'''sual", and in the seventies, going from ''ex'' to ''vi'' was a big improvement indeed.<br>
			''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vim_%28text_editor%29 vim]'' stems from 1991, and stands for '''''V'''i '''IM'''proved'', but its improvements do not lessen it's nonintuitivity or complexity.

	So why do we feel that ''vim'' is an essential system tool? Well, it's because		So why do we feel that ''vim'' is an essential system tool? Well, it's because
	* vi can be found on just about any Linux and Unix system		* vi can be found on just about any Linux and Unix system
	* vi is very powerful		* vi is very powerful
	* with some practice, it's even usable.		* with some practice, it's even quite usable
			but most importantly
			* if something goes horribly wrong, ''vi'' might just be the only means left to change your configuration files

	===About modal ~~editors~~===		===About vi as a modal editor===
			''vi'' is a modal editor; this type of editors will operate differently depending on which mode is selected. A ''vi'' session knows two modes:
			# ''insert mode'', where typed text is added into the document at the place of the prompt, and
			# ''normal mode'' or command mode, where keystrokes are interpreted as commands that control the session, or act on the document (depending on the command).
			''vi'' begins in normal mode, but several commands (notably ''i'' and ''a'') will switch it to insert mode. Once in insert mode, most anything you type becomes part of your document. Only when you press <esc> does your ''vi'' return to normal mode.

	==Installation and configuration==		==Installation and configuration==

192.168.67.181 at 07:30, 28 May 2008

2008-05-28T07:30:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:30, 28 May 2008
Line 6:		Line 6:
	* vi is very powerful		* vi is very powerful
	* with some practice, it's even usable.		* with some practice, it's even usable.

			===About modal editors===

	==Installation and configuration==		==Installation and configuration==
Line 11:		Line 13:
	To get ''vim'', simply use ''sudo apt-get install vim'' or ''sudo aptitude'', and find ''vim'' in the available packages. Nice to know: when you install ''vim'', you also get ''xxd'', a tool to make a hexdump, or convert a hex dump back to it's original binary form.		To get ''vim'', simply use ''sudo apt-get install vim'' or ''sudo aptitude'', and find ''vim'' in the available packages. Nice to know: when you install ''vim'', you also get ''xxd'', a tool to make a hexdump, or convert a hex dump back to it's original binary form.

	In Debian Etch, the default editor is nano instead of vim. This can be changed in the following way:		In Debian Etch, the default editor is nano instead of vim. This can be changed in the following way:
	sudo update-alternatives --set editor /usr/bin/vim.~~tiny~~		which vim.basic
			sudo update-alternatives --set editor /usr/bin/vim.basic
			(The first line is to check that you really have vim.basic in place)
	Now '''all''' commands that invoke an editor will use ''vim'' instead of ''nano''. Is that a good thing? We're not sure, but we do want to keep our ''vi'' skills up to par, so we do this.		Now '''all''' commands that invoke an editor will use ''vim'' instead of ''nano''. Is that a good thing? We're not sure, but we do want to keep our ''vi'' skills up to par, so we do this.

	==Using ~~VIM~~==		==Using vim==

			Vim operates in two modes: a command mode and an insert mode. You start in command mode, so almost every key is a command. Several commands you can issue will bring you into '''--INSERT--''' moode, e.g. ''i'' or ''a''; to return in command mode press ''<esc>'' or ( ''<ctrl> ['' ).

			It can be confusing to remember if you're in command mode or insert mode (even though there's a bright marker in the left bottom of the ''vim'' screen :-). So remember: when you're in insert mode, ''<esc>'' will bring you to command mode; when you're already in command mode, ''<esc>'' does nothing (no harm done). So press ''<esc>'' two or three times, and you're sure to be in command mode.

			Another thing to remember: if you're in command mode and you start entering a number ''before'' a command, the command will get repeated that many times. The most used feature of this is deleting lines. Deleting the current line is done with the command ''dd''; deleting (for example) twelve lines can be accomplished using ''12dd''. Another example is the use of a number in front of G: command ''12G'' (use <shift>-g) will bring you to the beginning of the 12th line. A special number is zero; pressing 0 as the first character in a command means immediately going to the beginning of the line.

	Vim operates in two modes: a command mode and an insert mode. You start in command mode, so almost every key is a command. You can switch to insert mode with ''i'' or ''a''; to return in command mode press ''<esc>'' or ( ''<ctrl> ['' )		===Exiting vim===
	~~Start in insert mode and typ some text. To save your progress return in command mode with ''<esc>'' Now we can use the ''exit-commands'' typ '':w'' to save the document. or use these commands.~~

	{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"		{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
Line 39:		Line 48:
	\|save and quit		\|save and quit
	\|}		\|}
	~~==About modal editors==~~

	==Cursor positioning==
			===Cursor positioning===
	{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"		{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
	!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Key(s)		!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Key(s)
	!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Movement		!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Movement
			\|-
			\|h
			\|one character back
	\|-		\|-
	\|j		\|j
Line 51:		Line 63:
	\|k		\|k
	\|up one line, same column		\|up one line, same column
	\|-
	\|h
	~~\|one character back~~
	\|-		\|-
	\|l,<space>		\|l,<space>
Line 83:		Line 92:
	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}
			Note that h,j,k,l is one block on your (US) keyboard

	==Searching==		===Searching===
	{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"		{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
	!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Key(s)		!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Key(s)
Line 100:		Line 110:
	\|}		\|}

	==Text insertion==		===Text insertion===
	{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"		{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
	!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Key(s)		!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Key(s)
Line 109:		Line 119:
	\|-		\|-
	\|A		\|A
	\|appends text at the end of the line & switches to Insert mode		\|appends text at the '''end''' of the line & switches to Insert mode
	\|-		\|-
	\|i		\|i
Line 115:		Line 125:
	\|-		\|-
	\|I		\|I
	\|inserts text at the beginning of the line & switches to Insert mode		\|inserts text at the '''beginning''' of the line & switches to Insert mode
	\|-		\|-
	\|o		\|o
Line 121:		Line 131:
	\|-		\|-
	\|O		\|O
	\|opens new line above the current line for text insertion & switches to Insert mode		\|opens new line '''above''' the current line for text insertion & switches to Insert mode
	\|-		\|-
	\|<del>		\|<del>
Line 131:		Line 141:
	\|}		\|}

	==Text deletion==		===Text deletion===
	{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"		{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
	!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Key(s)		!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Key(s)
Line 153:		Line 163:
	\|d$		\|d$
	\|same (deletes to the end of the current line)		\|same (deletes to the end of the current line)
			\|-
			\|p
			\|"paste", puts the buffer (e.g. text from the previous deletion) after the position of the cursor
	\|-		\|-
	\|P		\|P
	\|"~~paste~~", puts ~~back~~ text from the previous deletion at the position of the cursor		\|"Paste", puts the buffer (e.g. text from the previous deletion) '''before''' the position of the cursor
	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}

Saruman!: added deletion table + updated insertion table

2008-05-25T18:30:54Z

added deletion table + updated insertion table

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:30, 25 May 2008
Line 8:		Line 8:

	==Installation and configuration==		==Installation and configuration==
	~~When~~ you install ''vim'', you also get ''xxd'', a tool to make a hexdump, or convert a hex dump back to it's original binary form.
			To get ''vim'', simply use ''sudo apt-get install vim'' or ''sudo aptitude'', and find ''vim'' in the available packages. Nice to know: when you install ''vim'', you also get ''xxd'', a tool to make a hexdump, or convert a hex dump back to it's original binary form.

			In Debian Etch, the default editor is nano instead of vim. This can be changed in the following way:
			sudo update-alternatives --set editor /usr/bin/vim.tiny
			Now '''all''' commands that invoke an editor will use ''vim'' instead of ''nano''. Is that a good thing? We're not sure, but we do want to keep our ''vi'' skills up to par, so we do this.

	==Using VIM==		==Using VIM==

	Vim operates in ~~2 modus. A~~ command mode and a insert mode. You start in command mode so almost every key is a command. You can switch to insert mode with ''i'' to return in command mode press ''esc'' or ( ''ctrl ['' )		Vim operates in two modes: a command mode and an insert mode. You start in command mode, so almost every key is a command. You can switch to insert mode with ''i'' or ''a''; to return in command mode press ''<esc>'' or ( ''<ctrl> ['' )
	Start in insert mode and typ some text. To save your progress return in command mode with ''esc'' Now we can use the ''ex-commands'' typ '':w'' to save the document. or use these commands.		Start in insert mode and typ some text. To save your progress return in command mode with ''<esc>'' Now we can use the ''exit-commands'' typ '':w'' to save the document. or use these commands.

	{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"		{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
Line 22:		Line 27:
	\|Save		\|Save
	\|-		\|-
	\|:w		\|:w ''filename''
	\|'filename' Save with this filename		\|Save with this filename
	\|-		\|-
	\|:q		\|:q
Line 82:		Line 87:
	{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"		{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
	!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Key(s)		!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Key(s)
	!style="background:#ffdead;"\|~~Movement~~		!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Search
	\|-		\|-
	\|/''pattern''		\|/''pattern''
Line 91:		Line 96:
	\|-		\|-
	\|n		\|n
	\|repeats last pattern search (either / or ?)		\|repeats last pattern search (either forward or backward)
			\|-
	\|}		\|}

	==Text insertion==		==Text insertion==
	a ~~Appends~~ text after cursor~~. Terminated by escape key.~~		{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
	A ~~Appends~~ text at the end of the line~~. Terminated the escape key.~~		!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Key(s)
	i ~~Inserts~~ text before cursor~~. Terminated by the escape key.~~		!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Effect
	I ~~Inserts~~ text at the beginning of the line~~. Terminated by the escape key.~~		\|-
	o ~~Opens~~ new line below the current line for text insertion~~. Terminated by the escape key.~~		\|a
	O ~~Opens~~ new line above the current line for text insertion~~. Terminated by the escape key.~~		\|appends text after cursor & switches to Insert mode
	~~DEL Overwrites~~ last character during text insertion.		\|-
	~~ESC Stops~~ text insertion. The escape key on the DECstations is the F11 key		\|A
			\|appends text at the end of the line & switches to Insert mode
			\|-
			\|i
			\|inserts text before cursor & switches to Insert mode
			\|-
			\|I
			\|inserts text at the beginning of the line & switches to Insert mode
			\|-
			\|o
			\|opens new line below the current line for text insertion & switches to Insert mode
			\|-
			\|O
			\|opens new line above the current line for text insertion & switches to Insert mode
			\|-
			\|<del>
			\|overwrites last character during text insertion
			\|-
			\|<esc>
			\|stops text insertion. The escape key on the DECstations is the <F11> key
			\|-
			\|}

	==~~Notes~~==		==Text deletion==
	~~In Debian Etch, the default editor is nano instead of vim. This can be changed in~~ the ~~following way:~~		{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
	~~sudo update~~-~~alternatives~~ --~~set editor /usr/bin/vim.tiny~~		!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Key(s)
	~~Now '''all''' commands that invoke an editor will use ''vi'' instead~~ of ~~''vim''. Is that a good thing? We're not sure, but we do want~~ to ~~keep our ''vi'' skills up~~ to ~~par~~, ~~so we do this.~~		!style="background:#ffdead;"\|Effect
			\|-
			\|x
			\|deletes character under the cursor
			\|-
			\|dd
			\|deletes current line
			\|-
			\|dw
			\|deletes word under the cursor
			\|-
			\|d)
			\|deletes to the end of the current sentence (up to and including the dot)
			\|-
			\|D
			\|deletes to the end of the current line
			\|-
			\|d$
			\|same (deletes to the end of the current line)
			\|-
			\|P
			\|"paste", puts back text from the previous deletion at the position of the cursor
			\|-
			\|}

82.161.20.132: add tabel

2008-05-25T15:49:33Z

add tabel

@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 Vim operates in 2 modus. A command mode and a insert mode. You start in command mode so almost every key is a command. You can switch to insert mode with ''i'' to return in command mode press ''esc'' or ( ''ctrl ['' )
 Start in insert mode and typ some text. To save your progress return in command mode with ''esc'' Now we can use the ''ex-commands'' typ '':w'' to save the document. or use these commands.
 ==About modal editors==